Colaboración interprofesional en las sesiones clínicas conjuntas en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos: percepciones de enfermeras y médicos / Interprofessional collaboration in joint clinical sessions in an intensive care unit: Perceptions of nurses and physicians

INTRODUCCIÓN: La práctica colaborativa es un proceso interpersonal en el que interactúan diferentes disciplinas profesionales que comparten objetivos, participan en la toma de decisiones y proporcionan una atención integral y de calidad. Las sesiones clínicas conjuntas ofrecen la oportunidad de interactuar y mejorar la comunicación entre profesionales y optimizar los resultados en la práctica. OBJETIVOS: Explorar las percepciones de enfermeras y médicos sobre la práctica colaborativa en las sesiones clínicas conjuntas en Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. MÉTODO: Estudio de análisis crítico del discurso, a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas y diarios de campo, usando como referencial teórico los conceptos de Campus, Capital y Habitus planteados por Pierre Bourdieu. PARTICIPANTES: enfermeras y médicos de una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, reclutados mediante muestreo intencional. Las entrevistas fueron codificadas por todos los investigadores, posteriormente se hizo una puesta en común y se interpretaron los datos en el contexto en el que fueron recogidos. RESULTADOS: Emergieron 5 categorías: 1) Concepto: integración e implicación de un equipo con aportaciones colectivas y objetivos compartidos, 2) importancia: aumenta la seguridad del paciente, mejora la satisfacción de los profesionales y la calidad de atención, 3) factores: la ausencia de cultura de organizaciones dificulta la práctica colaborativa, 4) rol: la enfermera percibió que tiene un rol pasivo (oyente) durante las sesiones clínicas y el médico un papel activo (comunicador), y 5) estrategias de mejora: establecer horario y conciliación de tareas interprofesionales. CONCLUSIONES: Existe una necesidad de empoderamiento en la participación activa por parte de las enfermeras en las sesiones clínicas conjuntas. El colectivo médico debe tener más en cuenta las percepciones humanísticas que pueden aportar otros profesionales. Fomentar la escucha activa en los médicos, mejorar la comunicación real por parte de las enfermeras y generar un espacio donde impere el respeto y la confianza, favorecerán la dinámica de trabajo interprofesional

INTRODUCTION: Collaborative practice is an interpersonal process in which different professional disciplines that share objectives interact, participate in decision-making and provide comprehensive and quality care. The joint clinical sessions offer the opportunity to interact and improve communication between professionals and optimise results in practice. AIM: To explore perceptions of nurses and physicians about collaborative practice in joint Intensive Care Unit clinical sessions. METHOD: Critical discourse analysis, through semi-structured interviews and field journals, using as theoretical reference the concepts of Campus, Capital and Habitus by Pierre Bourdieu. PARTICIPANTS: nurses and physicians of the Intensive Care Unit, who were recruited by intentional sampling. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and a discourse analysis was then performed. The interviews were coded by all the researchers, then shared and the data were interpreted in the context in which they were collected. RESULTS: Five categories emerged: 1) Concept: integration and involvement of a team with collective contributions and shared objectives, 2) importance: it increases patient safety, improves professional satisfaction and quality of care, 3) factors: the absence of culture organisations make collaborative practice difficult, 4) role: the nurse perceived that she plays a passive role (listener) during the clinical rounds and the physician an active role (communicator) and, 5) improvement strategies: to establish a schedule and balance interprofessional tasks. CONCLUSIONS: There is a need for empowerment in active participation by nursing staff in joint clinical sessions. The medical group should be more aware of the humanistic perceptions that other professionals can bring. Encouraging active listening in physicians, improving real communication by nursing staff and generating a space where respect and confidence prevail, will favour interprofessional work dynamics

Interprofessional collaboration in joint clinical sessions in an intensive care unit: Perceptions of nurses and physicians. / Colaboración interprofesional en las sesiones clínicas conjuntas en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos: percepciones de enfermeras y médicos.

INTRODUCTION: Collaborative practice is an interpersonal process in which different professional disciplines that share objectives interact, participate in decision-making and provide comprehensive and quality care. The joint clinical sessions offer the opportunity to interact and improve communication between professionals and optimise results in practice. AIM: To explore perceptions of nurses and physicians about collaborative practice in joint Intensive Care Unit clinical sessions. METHOD: Critical discourse analysis, through semi-structured interviews and field journals, using as theoretical reference the concepts of Campus, Capital and Habitus by Pierre Bourdieu. PARTICIPANTS: nurses and physicians of the Intensive Care Unit, who were recruited by intentional sampling. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and a discourse analysis was then performed. The interviews were coded by all the researchers, then shared and the data were interpreted in the context in which they were collected. RESULTS: Five categories emerged: 1) Concept: integration and involvement of a team with collective contributions and shared objectives, 2) importance: it increases patient safety, improves professional satisfaction and quality of care, 3) factors: the absence of culture organisations make collaborative practice difficult, 4) role: the nurse perceived that she plays a passive role (listener) during the clinical rounds and the physician an active role (communicator) and, 5) improvement strategies: to establish a schedule and balance interprofessional tasks. CONCLUSIONS: There is a need for empowerment in active participation by nursing staff in joint clinical sessions. The medical group should be more aware of the humanistic perceptions that other professionals can bring. Encouraging active listening in physicians, improving real communication by nursing staff and generating a space where respect and confidence prevail, will favour interprofessional work dynamics.